PancreatitisThis is a whole group of diseases associated with inflammation of the pancreas. The disease can appear unexpectedly - one of its manifestations is pain syndrome.
To relieve pain and prevent recurrence,the right diet is important. . .
Pancreatitis is divided into chronic and acute, depending on the nature of the disease, you need to choose the right food.
In acute or chronic pancreatic disease, pancreatitis is diagnosed due to:
- Eating disorder.
- Eat fatty / spicy foods daily.
- Chronic alcoholism.
- Diseases of the biliary tract, including cholecystitis, gallstone disease.
- Stomach ulcer.
With exacerbation of pancreatitissurgical intervention (opening of the mucous membrane of the pancreas) is required with a minor effect of drug therapy, fasting, removal of food debris from the stomach.
Chronic pancreatitisaggravated under the influence of overeating, alcoholism, prolonged use of glucocorticoid hormones, estrogen, narcotics, against the background of liver disease (in which a special diet should be followed)and gallbladder, which are quite common in adults. With increased pressure inside the abdomen in women in late pregnancy, pancreatitis can develop.
Diet for acute pancreatitis for 10 days
The goal of nutritional therapy for acute pancreatitis-eliminate swelling, inflammation and infection of the pancreatic duct.
To do this, in a hospital environment, drug treatment with enzymatic preparations, antispasmodics plus a complete fast of several days is used to avoid the need for surgery.
Hunger is necessary to suspend the production of gastric and pancreatic juices, to reduce enzyme activity due to the lack of food in the esophagus. During this time, the restoration of the gland will take place.
<1_img_centerxx>They come out of hunger for 2-3-4 days, trying to eat for a day:
- bread or dried wheat bread (not sticky) - 50 g / day;
- jelly, fruit drinks (it is better to cook them from cranberries or currants);
- continue to drink at least 2. 5 liters of liquid, including currant or cranberry juice with mineral water (2: 1) without gas, as well as various decoctions (for example, rose hips).
If symptoms of acute pancreatitis do not recur, add to the diet for 3-5 days:
- salty glutinous rice or oat broth;
- liquid mashed potatoes without oil;
- semi-liquid jelly or juice jelly;
- liquid cereals: oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat, rice (everything is prepared in water or milk, everything must be crushed or chopped in a blender);
- cracker;
- dried bread.
For 6-8 days you can eat:
- protein-based steamed omelet
- cottage cheese soufflé without fat;
- steamed meat (necessarily minced or grated in a meat grinder / blender)
- sticky cereal soups;
- apple jelly or mousse, grated berries without skin;
- mashed vegetables (potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots are good, you can add a little oil)
- vegetable puddings (steamed);
You can add liquids - green or black tea (weak), add sugar or honey - 1 tbsp. each, or tea with milk, beetroot juice, 50 ml / day with mineral water.
Calorie content is increased to 1000 calories per day, up to 50 g - protein, up to 250 g - carbohydrates, up to 10 g / day - fat. At night you need to drink a glass of water with honey, raisins (1 teaspoon), prunes (2-3 pcs. ) Or yogurt to get rid of constipation.
From the 10th day after the attack, you can increase the calorie content by more than 1000 cal / day, up to 300 grams. - carbohydrates, up to 60 gr. - proteins, up to 20 g / day - fats. They continue to eat unsalted mash.
Sample menu
Below is a menu for several days, a similar diet can be made yourself on the basis of the list of permitted products.
Recipes of dishes
Can be usedafter an acute attack of pancreatitisdiet number 5pand observe it throughout the year. They eat mashed food, without salt, protein can be increased - up to 100 grams, up to 40 grams. - fats, up to 450 gr. - carbohydrates.Be sure to follow the recommendations and diet prescribed by your doctor!
Rosehip drink recipe:
For the broth you will need 0, 5 kg of dried rose hips and 4 liters of water. Rinse the rosehip, add water, put the drink to infuse for 4 days. You do not need to cook the infusion, the rosehip should be infused with water at room temperature. This drink contains vitamin C.Warning!since the drink is sour, consult your doctor before taking it.
Mashed fish soup:
For soup, 0. 5 kg of fish is useful (it is advisable to take boneless fillets, cod, pike, pike-perch), 1. 5 liters of water or vegetable broth, 50 ml. milk, 1 tbsp. Butter.
Cut the fish, pour water or broth into a saucepan, cook until tender. Remove the fish from the pan, chop it with a blender. Heat a little milk in a saucepan and add butter to it, as soon as the butter melts, add the broth, bring to a boil, but do not boil. Add the fish, cook over low heat for a few minutes. Salt can only be added with your doctor's permission!
Not allowedfor acute pancreatitis use:
- alcohol;
- eat fatty or fried;
- Eat fatty or bloated foods such as legumes, bran, cabbage, turnips, rutabagas, fruit and vegetable peels / skins, unripe fruits, berries or vegetables;
- carbonated drinks with fermentation reactions: kvass, kefir.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis
Attacks of chronic pancreatitis can occur immediately after lunch, the menu of which included: rustic eggs, pastries, raw fruits, vegetables, juices, cold soda, chocolate, milk or ice cream. Constant companions of the disease will manifest themselves each time: bloating, feeling of bloating or heaviness, a lump that "gets stuck in the lower chest", periodic vomiting.
Against the background of chronic pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus can easily develop and progress, which is also a serious disease, in which you need to follow a strict diet.
The diet for chronic pancreatitis may include:
- wheat bread crackers (you can dry the bread yourself);
- vegetable soups (pumpkin, potatoes, zucchini or carrots are best for soups);
- cereal soups (with semolina, oatmeal, buckwheat or rice);
- meat - beef or veal, chicken, rabbit. Better to steam, bake or boil.
- steamed egg omelets (2-3 pcs. ).
- light fish: plaice, pollock, cod, perch, pike perch, hake, perch or pike;
- curd (unsalted): can be eaten fresh or made into puddings;
- cheeses - choose low-fat, unsalted varieties;
- in dishes or during cooking, you can use butter or sunflower oil -10-15 gr.
- sour cream, kefir (only low in fat);
- porridge - rice, pearl barley, oatmeal, buckwheat, noodles (their consistency should be liquid or semi-liquid);
- vegetable purees / stews (remember that cabbage and tomatoes can not be added), vegetables can also be simply boiled or baked;
- mousse / juice jellies, dried fruit compotes (apricots, pears, apples)
- fruit (only baked or grated without the skin)
- health food puree and canned baby food or diet food;
- multivitamin and mineral preparations.
Menu of the day
You cannot eat foods that stimulate the secretion of the pancreas:
- meat, fish, poultry of fatty varieties, forget about smoked meat and fish, sausages, preserves;
- meat, mushrooms, fish broth (as well as soups and sauces on it);
- cabbage soup, borscht, as well as cold soups (such as cold soup or okroshka);
- milk soups;
- fish, meat in fried, smoked, salted or canned foods;
- high fat dairy products;
- eggs - you can not eat fried or hard-boiled eggs;
- all beans, white cabbage, eggplant, turnip, radish, radish, onion, garlic, sorrel, spinach, mushrooms, sweet pepper;
- bakery products, fresh and sweet bread, flour, chocolate, other sweets;
- black coffee, cocoa, soft drinks.
For pancreatitis with endocrine dysfunctionexclude jam, sugar and honey, as they have no therapeutic effect, while they refer to carbohydrates.
With an asymptomatic course of the disease or with the presence of mild symptoms, the list of prohibited dishes / products is gradually reduced to the category of products, which should only be limited, but not completely excluded.
Recipes
Vegetable puree soup:
For the soup you will need: 1 yellow or green pepper, broccoli, cauliflower, 1 small zucchini. All vegetables should be washed, cut into cubes. Pour the vegetables into a saucepan with water (1-1. 5 liters), cook until tender. Drain and puree with a blender.
Fish soufflé:
To prepare the dish you need: fish (400 g), 100 ml of water or milk, a tablespoon of flour, 2 eggs (separate the whites from the yolks), a piece of butter (20 g). Boil the fish in water, condemn it, pass it through a meat grinder or finely chop it.
Mix the milk and the flour (preheat the flour in a saucepan until it turns slightly yellow) you get a slightly thick milk "sauce". Now we start to mix: fish, egg yolks, milk sauce, butter (if your doctor allows, you can salt it).
Beat the whites separately until a thick foam is obtained. Stirring, add them to the fish mass.
Preheat the oven to 180-200 degrees. Put the fish mass in a baking dish or baking sheet, put in the oven and bake until tender.
Apple marshmallow (dessert):
To prepare the marshmallow, you need to take 1 kg of apples, peel them, cut them, pour water into a saucepan and cook. Boil the apples, remove from heat, drain the water, let cool slightly. Pass the apples through a sieve or chop them in a blender.
Drain all the juice from the resulting mash, squeeze the mash. Pour the juice separately into a small saucepan and cook to thicken (almost like syrup). Pour the sugar (100 g) into the boiled juice, boil a little more. Mix the juice with the mash.
Put the resulting mass on a baking sheet, put in the oven (120 degrees), dry the pellet until it thickens completely.
Sample menu for pancreatitis for a week: diet options and nutritional rules
Along with the regular use of drugs, dietary nutrition is also indicated for pancreatitis. Only a comprehensive measure allows you to relieve the load and swelling of the pancreas, helps stop inflammation and restore damaged tissue.
During an acute attack of the disease, the diet is very limited, going so far as to fast for the first days. After the removal of acute symptoms of the disease, the patient's menu gradually expands. Let's see what a weekly diet should look like for someone with a painful pancreas.
Features of adherence to a diet for different forms of pancreatitis
With acute inflammation, the diet is very strict. On the first day of the attack of the disease, the patient is hungry. Depending on the severity of the disease, the presence of complications, the fast can last from one to three to four days. Such a measure is necessary for:
- Suspension of the production of gastric and pancreatic secretions.
- Decreased performance of digestive enzymes.
- Prevention of the development or decrease in the severity of infectious processes.
With inflammation of the gland, swelling, spasm of the organ and its ducts is observed. Because of this, digestive enzymes cannot pass from the pancreas to the intestines, they are activated in the gland and begin to digest its walls.
The death of damaged organ tissue, undigested food debris causes a complication of the disease with various infections. That is why it is necessary to reduce the activity of production and functioning of pancreatic enzymes, which is mainly achieved by fasting.
The first 2-5 days of acute pancreatitis, only the use of fluids is indicated - up to 2. 5 liters. After quitting the hunger strike with OP, the diet gradually widens according to Diet Table No. 5 P (I).
At the same time, the calorie content of food in the first ten days of the diet should not exceed 800 Kcal. From the tenth day, with positive processing dynamics, the calorie content of food can be increased up to 1000 Kcal.
In the chronic form of the disease, the patient's menu is much broader. It includes cereals, most types of vegetables and berries, meat and fish (non-fat, semi-fat types), sour milk, unsweetened cookies, sweet berry jelly, marmalade, marshmallows and even some types of candy.
At the same time, to prevent the recurrence of pancreatitis, it is necessary to adhere to the following nutritional rules:
- Eat only natural and fresh foods.
- Dramatically limit the amount of sugar, fat and especially acid.
- Meals should be divided: 5 to 6 times a day in small portions.
- It is desirable that the food be chopped, grated, for its better assimilation.
- Authorized cooking method: cooking, baking, steaming, stewing.
- Do not use hot and cold foods - only hot foods and dishes.
- Do not eat fruits and sweets on an empty stomach.
- It is not recommended to eat fresh bread (better than the second day of freshness or crackers), pastries baked with cream.
- It is not recommended to use spices (salt can be used in small amounts).
- Alcohol, snacks (chips, crackers, corn sticks, etc. ) are strictly prohibited.
Eating a healthy diet and staying hydrated can help prolong remission and maintain a healthy pancreas. In this case, diet foods are the most effective medicine.
Sample menu for exacerbation of the inflammatory process
Drinking medicinal mineral water should be four to five times a day, 200 ml. , While the drink is slightly warmed (up to 27 degrees). If the water is carbonated, it should be poured into a glass half an hour or an hour before drinking so that all gases come out of the liquid.
On the third day, the drink can be varied with a weak rosehip broth. Drinking will help maintain water balance, replenish the body's reserves with the necessary microelements and eliminate toxins.
Exit from hunger strike
The menu for patients with pancreatitis after a hunger strike (2, 3 or 4 days) can be diversified with the following products:
- dried white wheat bread (not more than 50 grams per day);
- jelly or blackcurrant fruit drink;
- at the same time, it is necessary to drink up to 2. 5 liters of liquid per day (still mineral water, jelly, fruit drink, decoction of rosehips).
On the third or fifth day, the diet can be supplemented by:
- a decoction of a viscous consistency of rice or oatmeal;
- mashed potatoes (liquid, without butter and milk);
- blueberry, blackcurrant, strawberry, blueberry jelly;
- grated porridge in buckwheat water, rice, oatmeal.
Over the next two days, you are allowed to start trying:
- protein steamed omelet;
- steamed or boiled chicken, rabbit, ground turkey with a blender;
- cereal soups cooked in vegetable broth or water;
- vegetable puree (pumpkin, carrots, zucchini);
- not strong black or green tea, prunes, yogurt.
From the tenth day, subject to effective treatment, alleviating the symptoms of the disease, the menu can be diversified with unsalted butter, jelly, baked apples, boiled lean fish or fish cutletssteamed, soufflé. Sugar is allowed to start using in very small amounts. However, it is better to take substitutes.
The diet of acute pancreatitis is strict, therefore the menu absolutely excludes the following foods: fried, smoked, very fatty foods, mushrooms, canned goods, sausages, sausages, bacon, egg yolks, fresh bread and pastries, spices, sauce, ice cream, alcohol, soda, radish, onion, garlic, radish, spinach, peas, beans, asparagus, sorrel.
Nutrition after complete relief from the attack
The menu of a patient with acute pancreatitis for a week should include only foods that are allowed and safe for the gastrointestinal tract.
1st day :
- First meal: 2 steamed protein scrambled eggs, oatmeal, rosehip broth.
- Late meal: berry jelly.
- At lunchtime: rice soup, toast, steamed chicken cutlets with squash puree.
- Afternoon snack: grated cottage cheese, lightly brewed tea.
- Evening: fish soufflé with stewed vegetables, redcurrant compote.
- At the end of the evening: yoghurt croutons.
2nd day :
- Morning meal: curd pudding, tea with croutons.
- Late meal: strawberry soufflé, rosehip decoction.
- Lunch time: noodle soup with vegetable broth, crackers, boiled turkey, berry mousse.
- Snack: baked apples, compote.
- Evening: noodles, steamed fish cutlet, green tea.
- At the end of the evening: crackers, tea.
3rd day:
- Morning meal: vegetable pudding.
- Late meal: rice porridge, a slice of chicken.
- Lunch: buckwheat soup, croutons, steamed rabbit cutlets, jelly.
- Afternoon snack: pumpkin porridge.
- Evening: oatmeal, a piece of chicken, black tea.
- End of the evening: kefir cookies.
4th day:
- Morning meal: rice porridge, red currant compote.
- Late meal: steamed omelet, chamomile decoction.
- Lunch: soup of boiled meat, croutons, a piece of boiled rabbit meat, tea.
- Afternoon snack: baked apple with cottage cheese, compote.
- Dinner: oatmeal porridge, raspberry soufflé, rosehip broth.
- Late supper: crackers and yogurt.
5th day:
- First meal: oatmeal porridge, scrambled eggs, black tea.
- Late meal: pumpkin puree, strawberry compote.
- At lunchtime: buckwheat soup, croutons, steamed fish pancakes, tea.
- Afternoon snack: cottage cheese casserole, rosehip broth.
- Evening: carrot puree with chicken soufflé, grated apple in the oven without peel or core, compote.
- End of the evening: a biscuit tea biscuit.
6th day:
- First meal: semolina porridge, chamomile decoction.
- Late meal: steamed omelet, jelly.
- Lunch time: noodle soup, crackers, boiled chicken, tea.
- Afternoon snack: berry soufflé, compote.
- Dinner: vegetable puree, steamed turkey cutlet, jelly.
- Late dinner: yogurt croutons.
7th day:
- First meal: carrot and pumpkin puree, boiled egg white, compote.
- Late meal: curd soufflé, chamomile decoction.
- Lunch time: crappy fish soup, crackers, steamed chicken cutlets, tea.
- Snack: baked apple, compote.
- Evening: buckwheat porridge with a steamed cutlet, boiled grated beets, jelly.
- At the end of the evening: croutons with kefir.
Before the disease passes into the stage of stable remission, all food should be grated and free of spices (even salt is not recommended). Two weeks after the attack, provided there are no symptoms of the disease, you can start trying fresh, peeled apples and headed cabbages, as well as strawberries, bananas.
Sample menu for stable remission of pancreatitis
A sample menu for pancreatitis for a week looks like this:
1-2 hours before bedtime, you can drink a glass of fermented milk product (yogurt, kefir, yogurt) with diet cookies.
Conclusion
The presented menu for patients with pancreatitis for a week is approximate - it can be changed with other dishes allowed at the stage of stable remission.
Between the main meals, it is also allowed to indulge in small snacks with fruit, sweets allowed. It is useful to develop the habit of eating at approximately equal intervals of time, drinking at least 1 to 1. 5 liters of water a day and not overeating - after eating there should be a slightfeeling of hunger.